Glossary

System function that determines automatically the accounts in financial accounting to which the amount(s) in question should be posted for the user during any posting transaction.

Accounts Payable

Advanced Planner & Optimizer

Tool for creating the graphical models that describe the functionality and integration of the SAP R/3 System.

Available-to-promise is the quantity of a material or part still available to MRP which can be used for new sales orders

Allowing a person/system/module to have a specified access limitations. An authorization specifies one or more permissible values for each of the authorization fields that are listed in an authorization object.

To schedule a process to happen without coming onto the screen. Data can be processed in the background while other functions are being carried out in parallel on the screen. Some programs can be schedules to run on week ends at a particular time. This is particularly useful for batch processing, taking back-up of data etc.

Business Application Programming Interface

The procedure to process large volumes of data at once. The processing can not be modified once processing has begun.

Basis

Batch Data Communication. Used to define processing mode for a batch input sessions like Displaying all records, Displaying error dialogs, Process sessions in background etc.

Business Information Warehouse

SAP tool for grouping and automating repetitive business transactions for test runs and text modules.

Handling of transformation from one environment to another. This could be changing systems internally from one system to another or moving to a new release from the existing system.

A self-contained unit with separate master records and its own set of tables. Typically a Corporation.

Controlling

Controlling Profitability Analysis

Customer Relationship Management

SAP NetWeaver Master Data Management (MDM) Process for identifying and correcting inconsistent master data and master data with errors on the master data server.

The system agent that helps in sending a job to an idle work process by identifying the type of task (ex: update, on-line, batch)

The EarlyWatch Service has been developed to take note of any problems that may occur and to coordinate R/3 applications within your system, providing you with Optimal system performance. Early recognition of potential problems in R/3 customer systems is crucial to a problem-free installation. The EarlyWatch team of experts locate bottlenecks and potential problem sources and recommends feasible solutions. Constant system tuning helps you to optimize your system resources.

Electronic Data Interchange

Financial Accounting Module

Materials Management (MM) Abbreviation for "first in, first out". An approach to inventory management (FIFO withdrawal method) or valuation (FIFO valuation procedure) in which materials and products are actually or supposedly withdrawn from stock for sale or use in the order of their acquisition (i.e. the first goods received are - or are deemed to be - the first to be issued).

Goods Issue.

General Ledger

Goods Receipt.

Graphical User Interface. Windows like feel and look. User friendly screens to develop and use are provided. The user can simply point the cursor and click the mouse to operate.

All SAP systems are provided with information , in case the user needs more information. In SAP system , place the cursor on the object where you would like to know more information, and press F1 for more details.

Identical copy of the Production database on a stand-by database host

Human Resources Module

International Demonstration and Education System. A sample application provided for faster learning and implementation

Intermediate Document. Data container for data exchange between SAP systems or between a SAP system and a Non-SAP system.

Investment Management

Implementation Guide Hierarchical structure reflecting the R/3 component hierarchy and contains all configuration activities.

An administrative unit that groups together components of an SAP R/3 system or simply an Application server which has its own set of work process.

InterSAP is REAL TIME COMMUNICATIONS WITH R/3 resulting in immediate on-line transaction processing and transaction formats can easily be adapted to evolving requirements.

Invoice Receipt.

Oil&Gas Industry solution for companies such as Shell

A continuous chain of programs, using control commands.

System used for organizing production that aims to reduce stock levels in the warehouse, thus reducing production costs.

Non-SAP Systems

Logistics Execution System

Last in First Out is a valuation procedure according to which the stocks of a material that were last received are the first to be used or sold.

Moving Average Price

A tool for finding specific record Mainly used to find possible entries for an input field

Materials Management

Material Management External Services Management

Master Production Scheduling takes care of those parts or products which greatly influence company profits or which take up critical resources.

Material Requirements Planning takes into account and plan every future requirement during the creation of order proposals (independent requirements, dependent requirements etc).

Material’s Valuation Price. The standard price for a standard price material, the moving average price for a moving average price material.

Bank Analyzer (FS-BA) Key figure that is calculated by the price calculator. For example, the net present value, clean price, accrued interest and the delta.

ABAP Runtime Environment (BC-ABA) Initial value of an empty column in a row of a database table . Null values can be processed using Native SQL statements, but they have no equivalent as the content of data objects in ABAP. Only the WHERE condition enables a special condition IS NULL for null values. Changing Open SQL statements (INSERT, UPDATE, MODIFY) generally do not create null values, provided you are not processing a view that does not comprise all columns of a database table. However, depending on the database system , you can also display empty strings as null values. Null values can still arise in database tables if new columns are appended to filled tables. When reading with the Open SQL statement SELECT , null values can be created by aggregate functions or an outer join, but they are converted to initial values of the correct type when passed to data objects.

Online Analytical Processing

On-line Service System that helps in users to get fast and effective help from SAP. The user may log-in to OSS system to find a possible solution for a 'bug'. Get the patch ,if any, download and apply to correct the problem.

Pre-Configured Client. The R/3 Simplification Group’s pre-configured client.

Number under which a price is stored in the POS system of Industry Solution -IS.

Plant Maintenance

Purchase Order.

Production Planning

Productuction System

Purchase Requisition

Product Requirement Planning

Project System

Quality Management

Remote Function Call. Allows to call and process predefined procedures/functions in a remote SAP system.

Request For Quote

Reversal of goods Issue.

Return Material Authorizations

Reversal of goods Receipt.

Reversal of goods Transfer posting

Structured Analysis and Design Technique

Includes more than 200 new business processes that have been designed specifically for retail purposes. This is the integral part of R/3 release 4.0.

Authoring system for developing hypertext books in the R/3 System

Electronic mail system in SAPoffice with which you can transmit messages.

The electronic mail system and folder structure in the R/3 System allows you to send documents internally (to other R/3 users in the same system) or externally (to users in other systems).

Software module that acts as part of a firewall system.

SAP-own word processing system. The text editor supplied with the R/3 System for creating and editing documentation.

Supply Chain Optimization Planning & Execution

Sales and Distribution

Structured Entity Relationship Model

Record of a batch input sssion run. For each run, a session log is created.

Sales Order

Sales & Operations Planning Sales & Operations Planning (SOP) is a flexible forecasting and planning tool with which sales, production, and other supply chain targets can be set on the basis of historical, existing, and/or estimated future data. Resource planning can also be carried out to determine the amounts of the work center capacities and other resources required to meet these targets.

Universal Product Code

Work Breakdown Structure is a model of a project, that represents in a hierarchy the actions and activities to be carried out in a project.

Business Work Flow: Tool for automatic control and execution of cross-application processes. This involves coordinating the persons involved, the work steps required, the data which needs to be processed (business objects). The main advantage is reduction in throughput times and the costs involved in managing business processes. Transparency and quality are enhanced by its use.

Tool used to configure Microsoft Excel for display and further processing of R/3 application data. The XXL List Viewer facilitates presentation of R/3 data in Excel, taking into account information delivered by R/3 on the structure of the data

Annual balance sheet and profit and loss (P+L) statement, which must both be created in accordance with the legal requirements. All assets, debts and accrued and deferred items (balance sheet) as well as all revenue and